Everyday mathematics: How to calculate percentages, VAT and discounts online
Learn to perform essential financial calculations such as adding and subtracting percentages, calculating margins and disaggregating taxes such as VAT.

Everyday mathematics: How to calculate percentages, VAT and discounts online
Calculating percentages is one of the most used mathematical applications in everyday life: when evaluating offers in commercial stores, calculating tips, estimating the interest on a loan, or itemizing taxes on purchase invoices.
Despite its daily use, making mistakes when adding or subtracting percentages is very common, especially when trying to apply a discount on a value that already includes VAT.
Key Financial Formulas You Should Master
- Discount Calculation:
$$\text{Final Price} = \text{Original Price} \times \left(1 - \frac{\text{Discount}}{100}\right)$$ - Breakdown of Tax (VAT):
$$\text{Tax Base} = \frac{\text{Total Price}}{1 + \frac{\text{Tax}}{100}}$$
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